NIXON (1995)
An Appreciation by Jerry Saravia
"They will never love you Dick, no matter how many elections you win, they never will." - Pat Nixon
Truer words could not have been spoken in Oliver Stone's bewildering, seismic tragedy of almost Shakespearean proportions, "Nixon." Who would have thought of any 20th century U.S. President evoking anything tragic worthy of our most famous playwright. Stone's "Nixon" is not a sentimental treatise nor a loving tribute but it is an empathetic and layered look at a man who was rightly condemned for his actions while in the Oval Office. Some may agree, some will disagree yet Stone points out a man who had the defects of his own virtues.
What were the virtues? Nixon was born in the poorest lemon ranch in the United States, specifically in Whittier, California. His Quaker mother was born of virtue (Mary Steenburgen), a "living saint," and his father (Tom Bower) was a hard working grocer who believed in virtue and any disobedience would lead to a trip to the woodshed. Richard Nixon had two brothers who died of TB, a heartbreaking loss which infected the rest of his life. Yet the film doesn't play out like a regular, linear biography of the rise and fall of a powerful man. The film unspools based on Nixon's private moments of listening to his reel-to-reel recordings of conversations between him and his staff that includes the publicity-seeking National Security Advisor and Secretary of State Henry Kissinger (Paul Sorvino); H. R. Haldeman, the Chief of Staff (James Woods), who protected the President and his decisions including odd discussions of coded phrases such as "that whole Bay of Pigs thing"; David Hyde Pierce as the White House Counsel, John Dean, who later testified in court during the Watergate hearings, and others including J.T. Walsh as John Ehrlichman, Domestic Affairs Advisor, who can clearly see Nixon is going off the rails. Nixon was known back in the 1950's for going after Communists and yet "McCarthy never did much for him." Once he is in office for the second elected term, the war in Vietnam gets worse with more bombings than one can count. After he ends the war, the press doesn't clap for any sort of victory (though they love him for opening China during Chairman Mao's reign).
This all brings us to Anthony Hopkins who inhabits the soul, not the appearance, of the former late President (no crooked nose either, other than in pointed flashbacks to the 1950's Red Scare). Hopkins brings out the pathos, thanks to an intricate, complex and literate script by Stone, Stephen J. Rivele and Christopher Wilkinson. There are powerful, practically soul-searching scenes played out with subtlety and infinite grace such as Nixon's late-night visit to the Lincoln Memorial with dozens of anti-war protesters surrounding him and asking tough questions; Kissinger and Nixon praying by the fireplace after he signed his resignation letter (that scene alone will raise the hairs on your arms); Nixon regretfully (it's in his pained eyes) renouncing ever running for office again to his no-nonsense wife Pat (brilliantly played by Joan Allen), and the vivid memories of his Whittier days which are as harsh and unsentimental as anything in Tricky Dick's presidency.
Then we get the backgroom intrigue - the alleged and some recorded conversational moments between Nixon and his aides. The increasing bombing of Cambodia is discussed, Kent State, the triangular diplomacy with communist nations like China and Russia and what works for his campaign for a second term instead of what works for the people (especially the silent majority). Watergate details are also revealed and most thrillingly with ex-CIA agent and one of the White House Plumbers, E. Howard Hunt (Ed Harris), who gives us one of the great lines of 1990's cinema, "Your graves have already been dug."
Oliver Stone pushes the empathy and compassion he has for Nixon in heavy strokes - Hopkins himself can't help but make Nixon look and feel more human than the televised president of his day with his customary line, "I am not a crook." The film suggests that Nixon could have been a great President if people only liked him. He had great powers that could have been used for good and he misused his presidency to keep us fighting a war presumably nobody wanted. His hubris takes a hold of him since he knows he could never be a Kennedy, and he unapologetically shows no compassion for others or his enemies of enemies (Nixon never called Bobby Kennedy after his brother was assassinated, and makes no statement over the tragic Kent State killings).
"Nixon" rises and falls in its towering treatment of this President, unfolding past and present seamlessly with amazingly potent lensing by cinematographer Bobby Richardson, stretching from black-and-white to color just like he did with "Natural Born Killers" and "JFK.". One sequence involving Nixon recording over 18 1/2 minutes of secret tapes leading to him being rushed to the hospital is some of the most tantalizing sequences Oliver Stone ever cooked up. Of course, there are conspiracy-laden moments where eyebrows will be raised when Nixon visits some businessmen in some secret meetings in the middle of nowhere (the initial meeting with these men suggests they had a hand in Kennedy's demise). It is not a perfect film (the longer Director's cut is more icing on the cake featuring a curious meeting with Edgar G. Hoover in the Oval Office, and Richard Helms who may foster deeper knowledge of Bay of Pigs) but it is one of the best Presidential biographical films of the 1990's. It may get less respect than Stone's other films but that would be in keeping with Tricky Dick himself.